Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio

Ousmane Touré Boukari; Moctar Limam Bawa; Daouda Mama; Youssouf Abou

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

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Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio

Ousmane Touré Boukari, Moctar Limam Bawa, Daouda Mama, Youssouf Abou

Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 17 November 2017 Accepted: 5 December 2017 Published: 12 January 2018

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Abstract

The study was carried out to assess the physico-chemical parameters, the trophic state and the N:P ratio of the Kpassa reservoir. The reservoir was studied at six sampling sites over the period going from August 2014 to May 2016. Water transparency was determined in situ with the secchi disk SDMO QUINIOU model F043SE. Chlorophyll a, NO₃^-, NO₂^-, NH₄⁺, PO₄^3- and total phosphorus were analyzed using the standard methods. Measures were made with the HACH DR2800 spectrophotometer. The trophic state was assessed using the Carlson’s trophic state index (TSI). The N:P ratio was evaluated using NO₃^-, NO₂^-, NH₄+ and PO₄^3- concentrations. The physico-chemical parameters investigated were: transparency (0.25-1.92m), chlorophyll a (8.2-233.46µg/L), nitrate (undetected-4.73mg/L), nitrite (undetected-0.23mg/L), ammonia (undetected-0.21mg/L), orthophosphate (0.03-1.04mg/L) and total phosphorus (0.1-3.2mg/L). The trophic state index (TSI) values oscillate between 38 and 59. The majority of the values are characteristic of mesotrophic conditions. Kpassa reservoir is eutrophic only in August 2014 at the whole studied stations. N:P ratio values vary between 0.22 and 60.46 showing that eutrophication in Kpassa reservoir is limited by phosphorus and nitrogen. Some physico-chemical parameters values are upper than the WHO and Ifremer safe limit making the reservoir water unfit for human consumption at the concerned sites and during the concerned period. It is recommended that the national company of Benin water (SONEB) sensitize the population on the rational use of the fertilizers and the adoption of water control technics in the farm. Washing and crockery activities should be also forbidden along the reservoir river. The trophic state of the reservoir seems improved compared to previous studies results. According to the N: P ratio values, measurements to be implemented for eutrophication management in Kpassa reservoir should emphasize on the control of the flow of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.

Published in	Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11
Page(s)	1-9
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water Quality, Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State, N: P Ratio, Kpassa Reservoir, Okpara, Parakou, Benin

References

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APA Style

Ousmane Touré Boukari, Moctar Limam Bawa, Daouda Mama, Youssouf Abou. (2018). Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 7(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

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ACS Style

Ousmane Touré Boukari; Moctar Limam Bawa; Daouda Mama; Youssouf Abou. Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2018, 7(1), 1-9. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

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AMA Style

Ousmane Touré Boukari, Moctar Limam Bawa, Daouda Mama, Youssouf Abou. Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2018;7(1):1-9. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11,
  author = {Ousmane Touré Boukari and Moctar Limam Bawa and Daouda Mama and Youssouf Abou},
  title = {Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-9},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20180701.11},
  abstract = {The study was carried out to assess the physico-chemical parameters, the trophic state and the N:P ratio of the Kpassa reservoir. The reservoir was studied at six sampling sites over the period going from August 2014 to May 2016. Water transparency was determined in situ with the secchi disk SDMO QUINIOU model F043SE. Chlorophyll a, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43- and total phosphorus were analyzed using the standard methods. Measures were made with the HACH DR2800 spectrophotometer. The trophic state was assessed using the Carlson’s trophic state index (TSI). The N:P ratio was evaluated using NO3-, NO2-, NH4+ and PO43- concentrations. The physico-chemical parameters investigated were: transparency (0.25-1.92m), chlorophyll a (8.2-233.46µg/L), nitrate (undetected-4.73mg/L), nitrite (undetected-0.23mg/L), ammonia (undetected-0.21mg/L), orthophosphate (0.03-1.04mg/L) and total phosphorus (0.1-3.2mg/L). The trophic state index (TSI) values oscillate between 38 and 59. The majority of the values are characteristic of mesotrophic conditions. Kpassa reservoir is eutrophic only in August 2014 at the whole studied stations. N:P ratio values vary between 0.22 and 60.46 showing that eutrophication in Kpassa reservoir is limited by phosphorus and nitrogen. Some physico-chemical parameters values are upper than the WHO and Ifremer safe limit making the reservoir water unfit for human consumption at the concerned sites and during the concerned period. It is recommended that the national company of Benin water (SONEB) sensitize the population on the rational use of the fertilizers and the adoption of water control technics in the farm. Washing and crockery activities should be also forbidden along the reservoir river. The trophic state of the reservoir seems improved compared to previous studies results. According to the N: P ratio values, measurements to be implemented for eutrophication management in Kpassa reservoir should emphasize on the control of the flow of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio
AU - Ousmane Touré Boukari
AU - Moctar Limam Bawa
AU - Daouda Mama
AU - Youssouf Abou
Y1 - 2018/01/12
PY - 2018
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11
DO - 10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11
T2 - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-7993
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11
AB - The study was carried out to assess the physico-chemical parameters, the trophic state and the N:P ratio of the Kpassa reservoir. The reservoir was studied at six sampling sites over the period going from August 2014 to May 2016. Water transparency was determined in situ with the secchi disk SDMO QUINIOU model F043SE. Chlorophyll a, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43- and total phosphorus were analyzed using the standard methods. Measures were made with the HACH DR2800 spectrophotometer. The trophic state was assessed using the Carlson’s trophic state index (TSI). The N:P ratio was evaluated using NO3-, NO2-, NH4+ and PO43- concentrations. The physico-chemical parameters investigated were: transparency (0.25-1.92m), chlorophyll a (8.2-233.46µg/L), nitrate (undetected-4.73mg/L), nitrite (undetected-0.23mg/L), ammonia (undetected-0.21mg/L), orthophosphate (0.03-1.04mg/L) and total phosphorus (0.1-3.2mg/L). The trophic state index (TSI) values oscillate between 38 and 59. The majority of the values are characteristic of mesotrophic conditions. Kpassa reservoir is eutrophic only in August 2014 at the whole studied stations. N:P ratio values vary between 0.22 and 60.46 showing that eutrophication in Kpassa reservoir is limited by phosphorus and nitrogen. Some physico-chemical parameters values are upper than the WHO and Ifremer safe limit making the reservoir water unfit for human consumption at the concerned sites and during the concerned period. It is recommended that the national company of Benin water (SONEB) sensitize the population on the rational use of the fertilizers and the adoption of water control technics in the farm. Washing and crockery activities should be also forbidden along the reservoir river. The trophic state of the reservoir seems improved compared to previous studies results. According to the N: P ratio values, measurements to be implemented for eutrophication management in Kpassa reservoir should emphasize on the control of the flow of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.
VL - 7
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Ousmane Touré Boukari

Department of Hydrology and Integrated Management of Water Resources, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
Moctar Limam Bawa

Department of Chemistry, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Daouda Mama

Department of Hydrology and Integrated Management of Water Resources, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
Youssouf Abou

Department of Zoology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin

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APA Style

Ousmane Touré Boukari, Moctar Limam Bawa, Daouda Mama, Youssouf Abou. (2018). Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 7(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

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ACS Style

Ousmane Touré Boukari; Moctar Limam Bawa; Daouda Mama; Youssouf Abou. Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2018, 7(1), 1-9. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

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AMA Style

Ousmane Touré Boukari, Moctar Limam Bawa, Daouda Mama, Youssouf Abou. Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2018;7(1):1-9. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11,
  author = {Ousmane Touré Boukari and Moctar Limam Bawa and Daouda Mama and Youssouf Abou},
  title = {Water Quality Monitoring in Kpassa Reservoir (Northen Benin): Physico-Chemical Parameters, Trophic State and N: P Ratio},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-9},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20180701.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20180701.11},
  abstract = {The study was carried out to assess the physico-chemical parameters, the trophic state and the N:P ratio of the Kpassa reservoir. The reservoir was studied at six sampling sites over the period going from August 2014 to May 2016. Water transparency was determined in situ with the secchi disk SDMO QUINIOU model F043SE. Chlorophyll a, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43- and total phosphorus were analyzed using the standard methods. Measures were made with the HACH DR2800 spectrophotometer. The trophic state was assessed using the Carlson’s trophic state index (TSI). The N:P ratio was evaluated using NO3-, NO2-, NH4+ and PO43- concentrations. The physico-chemical parameters investigated were: transparency (0.25-1.92m), chlorophyll a (8.2-233.46µg/L), nitrate (undetected-4.73mg/L), nitrite (undetected-0.23mg/L), ammonia (undetected-0.21mg/L), orthophosphate (0.03-1.04mg/L) and total phosphorus (0.1-3.2mg/L). The trophic state index (TSI) values oscillate between 38 and 59. The majority of the values are characteristic of mesotrophic conditions. Kpassa reservoir is eutrophic only in August 2014 at the whole studied stations. N:P ratio values vary between 0.22 and 60.46 showing that eutrophication in Kpassa reservoir is limited by phosphorus and nitrogen. Some physico-chemical parameters values are upper than the WHO and Ifremer safe limit making the reservoir water unfit for human consumption at the concerned sites and during the concerned period. It is recommended that the national company of Benin water (SONEB) sensitize the population on the rational use of the fertilizers and the adoption of water control technics in the farm. Washing and crockery activities should be also forbidden along the reservoir river. The trophic state of the reservoir seems improved compared to previous studies results. According to the N: P ratio values, measurements to be implemented for eutrophication management in Kpassa reservoir should emphasize on the control of the flow of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.},
 year = {2018}
}

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