Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham; Ubong Etang Ekerenam; Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham, Ubong Etang Ekerenam, Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel

Published in Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 8, Issue 3)

Received: 14 June 2019 Accepted: 17 July 2019 Published: 30 July 2019

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Abstract

Background: In clinical practice, diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) ideally involves the presence of symptoms and a positive urine culture results. However, due to lack of laboratory facility and where present, delays in getting laboratory result encountered by attending out-patient Physicians, diagnosis are made from presenting symptoms in patients. Empirical treatments are commenced with expectation of positive outcome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate Urinary tract infection with presenting symptoms in patients and laboratory culture results from mid-stream urine samples in Uyo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This six months descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient Department of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital in Uyo. Data was obtained through questionnaire administered on 370 consenting outpatients and laboratory culture results from collected midstream urine were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0). The predisposing risk factors in these patient were also assessed. The midstream urine samples from the subjects were standardly processed. Cultured urine samples that yielded Gram negative uropathogens were further identified using Microbact 24E (Oxoid, UK), while those that yielded Gram positive uropathogens were identified by the appropriate standard procedures. Results: The presenting symptoms were; discomfort when urinating, urge incontinence (7.6%), frequent urination (11.9%), and cloudy urine with foul smell (8.1%), malaise (23.8%), fever (23.5%), back/flank pain (3.8%) and hematuria (4.6%) (P<0.001). The attendant risks factors assessed were age, gender, cleaning method after urination/defecation, contraceptive use, diabetes, past history of UTI and recent catheter use (P<0.05). Female outpatients had more laboratory confirmed UTI (25.9%) than male outpatients (11.5%). Also revealed is the fact that there is higher prevalence of UTI in female outpatients within the reproductive age group of 28-37 years (43.8%). Conclusion: In this study, less than 30% of female patients with presenting symptoms of UTI had positive urine culture test result while only about 12% of males with these symptoms are culture positive for UTI in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Published in	Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
Page(s)	21-27
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Urinary Tract Infection, Presenting Symptoms, Culture Test Result, Uyo, Nigeria

References

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Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham, Ubong Etang Ekerenam, Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel. (2019). Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(3), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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ACS Style

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham; Ubong Etang Ekerenam; Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel. Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(3), 21-27. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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AMA Style

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham, Ubong Etang Ekerenam, Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel. Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria. Sci J Clin Med. 2019;8(3):21-27. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11,
  author = {Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham and Ubong Etang Ekerenam and Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel},
  title = {Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {21-27},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20190803.11},
  abstract = {Background: In clinical practice, diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) ideally involves the presence of symptoms and a positive urine culture results. However, due to lack of laboratory facility and where present, delays in getting laboratory result encountered by attending out-patient Physicians, diagnosis are made from presenting symptoms in patients. Empirical treatments are commenced with expectation of positive outcome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate Urinary tract infection with presenting symptoms in patients and laboratory culture results from mid-stream urine samples in Uyo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This six months descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient Department of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital in Uyo. Data was obtained through questionnaire administered on 370 consenting outpatients and laboratory culture results from collected midstream urine were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0). The predisposing risk factors in these patient were also assessed. The midstream urine samples from the subjects were standardly processed. Cultured urine samples that yielded Gram negative uropathogens were further identified using Microbact 24E (Oxoid, UK), while those that yielded Gram positive uropathogens were identified by the appropriate standard procedures. Results: The presenting symptoms were; discomfort when urinating, urge incontinence (7.6%), frequent urination (11.9%), and cloudy urine with foul smell (8.1%), malaise (23.8%), fever (23.5%), back/flank pain (3.8%) and hematuria (4.6%) (PConclusion: In this study, less than 30% of female patients with presenting symptoms of UTI had positive urine culture test result while only about 12% of males with these symptoms are culture positive for UTI in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria
AU  - Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham
AU  - Ubong Etang Ekerenam
AU  - Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel
Y1  - 2019/07/30
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 21
EP  - 27
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
AB  - Background: In clinical practice, diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) ideally involves the presence of symptoms and a positive urine culture results. However, due to lack of laboratory facility and where present, delays in getting laboratory result encountered by attending out-patient Physicians, diagnosis are made from presenting symptoms in patients. Empirical treatments are commenced with expectation of positive outcome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate Urinary tract infection with presenting symptoms in patients and laboratory culture results from mid-stream urine samples in Uyo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This six months descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient Department of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital in Uyo. Data was obtained through questionnaire administered on 370 consenting outpatients and laboratory culture results from collected midstream urine were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0). The predisposing risk factors in these patient were also assessed. The midstream urine samples from the subjects were standardly processed. Cultured urine samples that yielded Gram negative uropathogens were further identified using Microbact 24E (Oxoid, UK), while those that yielded Gram positive uropathogens were identified by the appropriate standard procedures. Results: The presenting symptoms were; discomfort when urinating, urge incontinence (7.6%), frequent urination (11.9%), and cloudy urine with foul smell (8.1%), malaise (23.8%), fever (23.5%), back/flank pain (3.8%) and hematuria (4.6%) (PConclusion: In this study, less than 30% of female patients with presenting symptoms of UTI had positive urine culture test result while only about 12% of males with these symptoms are culture positive for UTI in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
Ubong Etang Ekerenam

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

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Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham, Ubong Etang Ekerenam, Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel. (2019). Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(3), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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ACS Style

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham; Ubong Etang Ekerenam; Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel. Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(3), 21-27. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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AMA Style

Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham, Ubong Etang Ekerenam, Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel. Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria. Sci J Clin Med. 2019;8(3):21-27. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11,
  author = {Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham and Ubong Etang Ekerenam and Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel},
  title = {Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {21-27},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20190803.11},
  abstract = {Background: In clinical practice, diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) ideally involves the presence of symptoms and a positive urine culture results. However, due to lack of laboratory facility and where present, delays in getting laboratory result encountered by attending out-patient Physicians, diagnosis are made from presenting symptoms in patients. Empirical treatments are commenced with expectation of positive outcome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate Urinary tract infection with presenting symptoms in patients and laboratory culture results from mid-stream urine samples in Uyo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This six months descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient Department of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital in Uyo. Data was obtained through questionnaire administered on 370 consenting outpatients and laboratory culture results from collected midstream urine were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0). The predisposing risk factors in these patient were also assessed. The midstream urine samples from the subjects were standardly processed. Cultured urine samples that yielded Gram negative uropathogens were further identified using Microbact 24E (Oxoid, UK), while those that yielded Gram positive uropathogens were identified by the appropriate standard procedures. Results: The presenting symptoms were; discomfort when urinating, urge incontinence (7.6%), frequent urination (11.9%), and cloudy urine with foul smell (8.1%), malaise (23.8%), fever (23.5%), back/flank pain (3.8%) and hematuria (4.6%) (PConclusion: In this study, less than 30% of female patients with presenting symptoms of UTI had positive urine culture test result while only about 12% of males with these symptoms are culture positive for UTI in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Correlating Urinary Tract Infection with Patients’ Presenting Symptoms and Bacterial Isolation from Urine in Uyo, Nigeria
AU  - Onwuezobe Ifeanyi Abraham
AU  - Ubong Etang Ekerenam
AU  - Ekuma Agantem Emmanuel
Y1  - 2019/07/30
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 21
EP  - 27
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190803.11
AB  - Background: In clinical practice, diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) ideally involves the presence of symptoms and a positive urine culture results. However, due to lack of laboratory facility and where present, delays in getting laboratory result encountered by attending out-patient Physicians, diagnosis are made from presenting symptoms in patients. Empirical treatments are commenced with expectation of positive outcome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate Urinary tract infection with presenting symptoms in patients and laboratory culture results from mid-stream urine samples in Uyo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This six months descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient Department of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital in Uyo. Data was obtained through questionnaire administered on 370 consenting outpatients and laboratory culture results from collected midstream urine were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0). The predisposing risk factors in these patient were also assessed. The midstream urine samples from the subjects were standardly processed. Cultured urine samples that yielded Gram negative uropathogens were further identified using Microbact 24E (Oxoid, UK), while those that yielded Gram positive uropathogens were identified by the appropriate standard procedures. Results: The presenting symptoms were; discomfort when urinating, urge incontinence (7.6%), frequent urination (11.9%), and cloudy urine with foul smell (8.1%), malaise (23.8%), fever (23.5%), back/flank pain (3.8%) and hematuria (4.6%) (PConclusion: In this study, less than 30% of female patients with presenting symptoms of UTI had positive urine culture test result while only about 12% of males with these symptoms are culture positive for UTI in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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