Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi; Silvance Onyango Abeka; Anthony Joachim Rodrigues

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Silvance Onyango Abeka, Anthony Joachim Rodrigues

Published in American Journal of Networks and Communications (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 30 December 2019 Accepted: 13 January 2020 Published: 1 April 2020

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Abstract

Long delays during the handover process lead to dropped calls which deteriorate the network quality of service. In addition, these delays impede the incorporation of authentication during the handover process which exposes the handover process to attacks such as desynchronization, network masquerading and session hijacking. In this paper, a delay sensitive protocol is developed based on the neuro-fuzzy optimization process and tracking area partitioning into no handover region, low probability handover region and high probability handover region that facilitated advance buffering of the figures of merit. The protocol computes the average delays during the handover process such that handovers taking longer durations than the average value are queued in the mobility management entity (MME) buffer and dispatched in a first in first out (FIFO) basis. The conventional permitted duration between handover command and handover execution is between 0.5 seconds and 1.5 seconds. To prevent holding the network resources for long durations, a handover termination duration was set to the lower bound of this conventional permitted duration, which was 0.5 seconds, such that handovers taking longer this duration were explicitly dropped. The reduced delays during the handover process facilitated the incorporation of entities authentication before subscribers can be transferred to the target cell. Simulation results showed the developed protocol greatly reduced handover delays to an average of 0.048 seconds. In addition, the source evolved Node-B (eNB), user equipment (UE) and target eNB were able to authenticate each other to boost security during the handover process.

Published in	American Journal of Networks and Communications (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
Page(s)	1-10
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Delay Sensitivity, Neuro-fuzzy, Low Latency, Handovers, LTE, Delay Sensitivity

References

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[3]	Kastell K., Meyer U.,& R. Jakoby R. (2013). Secure Handover Procedures. Department of Computer Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, pp. 1-5.
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[5]	Zhang L., and Pierre S. (2014). An enhanced fast handover with seamless mobility support for next-generation wireless networks, Journal of Network and Comput. Applications, Vol. 46, pp. 322 – 335.
[6]	Sridevi B., and Mohan D. (2015). Security analysis of Handover Key Management among 4G LTE entities Using Device Certification, International Journal of Electrical, Computing Engineering and Communication, Vol. 1, No 2, pp. 1-7.
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[8]	Han C., and Choi H.(2014). Security analysis of handover key management in 4G LTE/SAE networks, IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput., Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 457- 468.
[9]	Tayade P., and Vijaykumar P. (2017). A Comprehensive Contemplate on Security Aspects of LTE and LTE Advanced in Wireless Communication Network, International Journal of Control Theory and Applications, Vol. 10, No 31, pp. 197-217.
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APA Style

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Silvance Onyango Abeka, Anthony Joachim Rodrigues. (2020). Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers. American Journal of Networks and Communications, 9(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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ACS Style

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi; Silvance Onyango Abeka; Anthony Joachim Rodrigues. Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers. Am. J. Netw. Commun. 2020, 9(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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AMA Style

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Silvance Onyango Abeka, Anthony Joachim Rodrigues. Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers. Am J Netw Commun. 2020;9(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11,
  author = {Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi and Silvance Onyango Abeka and Anthony Joachim Rodrigues},
  title = {Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers},
  journal = {American Journal of Networks and Communications},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajnc.202009012.11},
  abstract = {Long delays during the handover process lead to dropped calls which deteriorate the network quality of service. In addition, these delays impede the incorporation of authentication during the handover process which exposes the handover process to attacks such as desynchronization, network masquerading and session hijacking. In this paper, a delay sensitive protocol is developed based on the neuro-fuzzy optimization process and tracking area partitioning into no handover region, low probability handover region and high probability handover region that facilitated advance buffering of the figures of merit. The protocol computes the average delays during the handover process such that handovers taking longer durations than the average value are queued in the mobility management entity (MME) buffer and dispatched in a first in first out (FIFO) basis. The conventional permitted duration between handover command and handover execution is between 0.5 seconds and 1.5 seconds. To prevent holding the network resources for long durations, a handover termination duration was set to the lower bound of this conventional permitted duration, which was 0.5 seconds, such that handovers taking longer this duration were explicitly dropped. The reduced delays during the handover process facilitated the incorporation of entities authentication before subscribers can be transferred to the target cell. Simulation results showed the developed protocol greatly reduced handover delays to an average of 0.048 seconds. In addition, the source evolved Node-B (eNB), user equipment (UE) and target eNB were able to authenticate each other to boost security during the handover process.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers
AU  - Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi
AU  - Silvance Onyango Abeka
AU  - Anthony Joachim Rodrigues
Y1  - 2020/04/01
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
T2  - American Journal of Networks and Communications
JF  - American Journal of Networks and Communications
JO  - American Journal of Networks and Communications
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-8964
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
AB  - Long delays during the handover process lead to dropped calls which deteriorate the network quality of service. In addition, these delays impede the incorporation of authentication during the handover process which exposes the handover process to attacks such as desynchronization, network masquerading and session hijacking. In this paper, a delay sensitive protocol is developed based on the neuro-fuzzy optimization process and tracking area partitioning into no handover region, low probability handover region and high probability handover region that facilitated advance buffering of the figures of merit. The protocol computes the average delays during the handover process such that handovers taking longer durations than the average value are queued in the mobility management entity (MME) buffer and dispatched in a first in first out (FIFO) basis. The conventional permitted duration between handover command and handover execution is between 0.5 seconds and 1.5 seconds. To prevent holding the network resources for long durations, a handover termination duration was set to the lower bound of this conventional permitted duration, which was 0.5 seconds, such that handovers taking longer this duration were explicitly dropped. The reduced delays during the handover process facilitated the incorporation of entities authentication before subscribers can be transferred to the target cell. Simulation results showed the developed protocol greatly reduced handover delays to an average of 0.048 seconds. In addition, the source evolved Node-B (eNB), user equipment (UE) and target eNB were able to authenticate each other to boost security during the handover process.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi

School of Informatics & Innovative Systems, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science & Technology, Bondo, Kenya
Silvance Onyango Abeka

School of Informatics & Innovative Systems, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science & Technology, Bondo, Kenya
Anthony Joachim Rodrigues

School of Informatics & Innovative Systems, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science & Technology, Bondo, Kenya

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Silvance Onyango Abeka, Anthony Joachim Rodrigues. (2020). Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers. American Journal of Networks and Communications, 9(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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ACS Style

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi; Silvance Onyango Abeka; Anthony Joachim Rodrigues. Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers. Am. J. Netw. Commun. 2020, 9(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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AMA Style

Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Silvance Onyango Abeka, Anthony Joachim Rodrigues. Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers. Am J Netw Commun. 2020;9(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11,
  author = {Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi and Silvance Onyango Abeka and Anthony Joachim Rodrigues},
  title = {Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers},
  journal = {American Journal of Networks and Communications},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajnc.202009012.11},
  abstract = {Long delays during the handover process lead to dropped calls which deteriorate the network quality of service. In addition, these delays impede the incorporation of authentication during the handover process which exposes the handover process to attacks such as desynchronization, network masquerading and session hijacking. In this paper, a delay sensitive protocol is developed based on the neuro-fuzzy optimization process and tracking area partitioning into no handover region, low probability handover region and high probability handover region that facilitated advance buffering of the figures of merit. The protocol computes the average delays during the handover process such that handovers taking longer durations than the average value are queued in the mobility management entity (MME) buffer and dispatched in a first in first out (FIFO) basis. The conventional permitted duration between handover command and handover execution is between 0.5 seconds and 1.5 seconds. To prevent holding the network resources for long durations, a handover termination duration was set to the lower bound of this conventional permitted duration, which was 0.5 seconds, such that handovers taking longer this duration were explicitly dropped. The reduced delays during the handover process facilitated the incorporation of entities authentication before subscribers can be transferred to the target cell. Simulation results showed the developed protocol greatly reduced handover delays to an average of 0.048 seconds. In addition, the source evolved Node-B (eNB), user equipment (UE) and target eNB were able to authenticate each other to boost security during the handover process.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Delay Sensitive Protocol for High Availability LTE Handovers
AU  - Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi
AU  - Silvance Onyango Abeka
AU  - Anthony Joachim Rodrigues
Y1  - 2020/04/01
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
T2  - American Journal of Networks and Communications
JF  - American Journal of Networks and Communications
JO  - American Journal of Networks and Communications
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-8964
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.202009012.11
AB  - Long delays during the handover process lead to dropped calls which deteriorate the network quality of service. In addition, these delays impede the incorporation of authentication during the handover process which exposes the handover process to attacks such as desynchronization, network masquerading and session hijacking. In this paper, a delay sensitive protocol is developed based on the neuro-fuzzy optimization process and tracking area partitioning into no handover region, low probability handover region and high probability handover region that facilitated advance buffering of the figures of merit. The protocol computes the average delays during the handover process such that handovers taking longer durations than the average value are queued in the mobility management entity (MME) buffer and dispatched in a first in first out (FIFO) basis. The conventional permitted duration between handover command and handover execution is between 0.5 seconds and 1.5 seconds. To prevent holding the network resources for long durations, a handover termination duration was set to the lower bound of this conventional permitted duration, which was 0.5 seconds, such that handovers taking longer this duration were explicitly dropped. The reduced delays during the handover process facilitated the incorporation of entities authentication before subscribers can be transferred to the target cell. Simulation results showed the developed protocol greatly reduced handover delays to an average of 0.048 seconds. In addition, the source evolved Node-B (eNB), user equipment (UE) and target eNB were able to authenticate each other to boost security during the handover process.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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