Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance

Lei Sun; Hongjian Yu; Donghui Tian; Rui Zhang; Wenjing Du

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

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Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance

Lei Sun, Hongjian Yu, Donghui Tian, Rui Zhang, Wenjing Du

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 22 January 2019 Published: 8 March 2019

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Abstract

Aim: To analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after being complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and their correlations with multiple risk factors. Methods: 240 cases of elderly T2DM patients were divided into an OP group and a non-OP group according to the BMD values. The results were subjected to correlation analyses. Thereafter the 120 patients in the OP group were randomly divided into three groups to be treated with alfacalcidol (group A), vitamin K1 (group B) and alfacalcidol plus vitamin K1 (group C) continuously for 12 months. The BMD, FBG levels, fasting insulin (FINS) levels, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels were measured 0, 6 and 12 months after administration. The heights, weights, BMI and HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the patients were measured by designated personnel. Results: The patients in the OP group were of older age, longer disease course, lower BMD, and higher serum phosphorus than those in the non-OP group. The results of the two groups differed significantly (P< 0.05). The BMD of T2DM patients was negatively correlated with age, disease course, ALP and HbA1c and positively correlated with BMI. All the treatment methods elevated the BMD values of the three groups after 12 months (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and those of group C were elevated more significantly than those of group A and group B (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Although the number of lumbar vertebrae L1-L4 and ectotrochanter of group A patients were higher than that of group B patients after being treated for 3 months (P<0.01), the results of the two groups did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) 12 months after treatment. Conclusions: Old age, low BMI, long disease course, poor blood glucose control and high serum ALP are the risk factors leading to T2DM complicated with OP. However, vitamin K1, which increased the BMD of T2DM patients and boosted insulin resistance, could be combined with alfacalcidol and calcium supplement owing to the lack of abnormal blood clotting mechanism after long-term administration.

Published in	American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
Page(s)	12-16
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bone Mineral Density, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Osteoporosis, Insulin Resistance

References

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APA Style

Lei Sun, Hongjian Yu, Donghui Tian, Rui Zhang, Wenjing Du. (2019). Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance. American Journal of Life Sciences, 7(1), 12-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

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ACS Style

Lei Sun; Hongjian Yu; Donghui Tian; Rui Zhang; Wenjing Du. Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance. Am. J. Life Sci. 2019, 7(1), 12-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

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AMA Style

Lei Sun, Hongjian Yu, Donghui Tian, Rui Zhang, Wenjing Du. Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance. Am J Life Sci. 2019;7(1):12-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13,
  author = {Lei Sun and Hongjian Yu and Donghui Tian and Rui Zhang and Wenjing Du},
  title = {Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {12-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20190701.13},
  abstract = {Aim: To analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after being complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and their correlations with multiple risk factors. Methods: 240 cases of elderly T2DM patients were divided into an OP group and a non-OP group according to the BMD values. The results were subjected to correlation analyses. Thereafter the 120 patients in the OP group were randomly divided into three groups to be treated with alfacalcidol (group A), vitamin K1 (group B) and alfacalcidol plus vitamin K1 (group C) continuously for 12 months. The BMD, FBG levels, fasting insulin (FINS) levels, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels were measured 0, 6 and 12 months after administration. The heights, weights, BMI and HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the patients were measured by designated personnel. Results: The patients in the OP group were of older age, longer disease course, lower BMD, and higher serum phosphorus than those in the non-OP group. The results of the two groups differed significantly (P 0.05) 12 months after treatment. Conclusions: Old age, low BMI, long disease course, poor blood glucose control and high serum ALP are the risk factors leading to T2DM complicated with OP. However, vitamin K1, which increased the BMD of T2DM patients and boosted insulin resistance, could be combined with alfacalcidol and calcium supplement owing to the lack of abnormal blood clotting mechanism after long-term administration.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance
AU  - Lei Sun
AU  - Hongjian Yu
AU  - Donghui Tian
AU  - Rui Zhang
AU  - Wenjing Du
Y1  - 2019/03/08
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP  - 12
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
AB  - Aim: To analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after being complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and their correlations with multiple risk factors. Methods: 240 cases of elderly T2DM patients were divided into an OP group and a non-OP group according to the BMD values. The results were subjected to correlation analyses. Thereafter the 120 patients in the OP group were randomly divided into three groups to be treated with alfacalcidol (group A), vitamin K1 (group B) and alfacalcidol plus vitamin K1 (group C) continuously for 12 months. The BMD, FBG levels, fasting insulin (FINS) levels, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels were measured 0, 6 and 12 months after administration. The heights, weights, BMI and HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the patients were measured by designated personnel. Results: The patients in the OP group were of older age, longer disease course, lower BMD, and higher serum phosphorus than those in the non-OP group. The results of the two groups differed significantly (P 0.05) 12 months after treatment. Conclusions: Old age, low BMI, long disease course, poor blood glucose control and high serum ALP are the risk factors leading to T2DM complicated with OP. However, vitamin K1, which increased the BMD of T2DM patients and boosted insulin resistance, could be combined with alfacalcidol and calcium supplement owing to the lack of abnormal blood clotting mechanism after long-term administration.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Lei Sun

Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou City, P.R.China
Hongjian Yu

Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou City, P.R.China
Donghui Tian

Department of Neurology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou City, P.R.China
Rui Zhang

Technical Office, People's Court of Bincheng District, Binzhou City, P.R.China
Wenjing Du

Technical Office, Binzhou Intermediate People's Court, Binzhou City, P.R.China

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APA Style

Lei Sun, Hongjian Yu, Donghui Tian, Rui Zhang, Wenjing Du. (2019). Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance. American Journal of Life Sciences, 7(1), 12-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

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ACS Style

Lei Sun; Hongjian Yu; Donghui Tian; Rui Zhang; Wenjing Du. Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance. Am. J. Life Sci. 2019, 7(1), 12-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

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AMA Style

Lei Sun, Hongjian Yu, Donghui Tian, Rui Zhang, Wenjing Du. Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance. Am J Life Sci. 2019;7(1):12-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13,
  author = {Lei Sun and Hongjian Yu and Donghui Tian and Rui Zhang and Wenjing Du},
  title = {Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {12-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20190701.13},
  abstract = {Aim: To analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after being complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and their correlations with multiple risk factors. Methods: 240 cases of elderly T2DM patients were divided into an OP group and a non-OP group according to the BMD values. The results were subjected to correlation analyses. Thereafter the 120 patients in the OP group were randomly divided into three groups to be treated with alfacalcidol (group A), vitamin K1 (group B) and alfacalcidol plus vitamin K1 (group C) continuously for 12 months. The BMD, FBG levels, fasting insulin (FINS) levels, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels were measured 0, 6 and 12 months after administration. The heights, weights, BMI and HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the patients were measured by designated personnel. Results: The patients in the OP group were of older age, longer disease course, lower BMD, and higher serum phosphorus than those in the non-OP group. The results of the two groups differed significantly (P 0.05) 12 months after treatment. Conclusions: Old age, low BMI, long disease course, poor blood glucose control and high serum ALP are the risk factors leading to T2DM complicated with OP. However, vitamin K1, which increased the BMD of T2DM patients and boosted insulin resistance, could be combined with alfacalcidol and calcium supplement owing to the lack of abnormal blood clotting mechanism after long-term administration.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk Factors of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Osteoporosis and Effects of Vitamin K1 on Bone Mineral Density and Insulin Resistance
AU  - Lei Sun
AU  - Hongjian Yu
AU  - Donghui Tian
AU  - Rui Zhang
AU  - Wenjing Du
Y1  - 2019/03/08
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP  - 12
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190701.13
AB  - Aim: To analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after being complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and their correlations with multiple risk factors. Methods: 240 cases of elderly T2DM patients were divided into an OP group and a non-OP group according to the BMD values. The results were subjected to correlation analyses. Thereafter the 120 patients in the OP group were randomly divided into three groups to be treated with alfacalcidol (group A), vitamin K1 (group B) and alfacalcidol plus vitamin K1 (group C) continuously for 12 months. The BMD, FBG levels, fasting insulin (FINS) levels, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels were measured 0, 6 and 12 months after administration. The heights, weights, BMI and HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the patients were measured by designated personnel. Results: The patients in the OP group were of older age, longer disease course, lower BMD, and higher serum phosphorus than those in the non-OP group. The results of the two groups differed significantly (P 0.05) 12 months after treatment. Conclusions: Old age, low BMI, long disease course, poor blood glucose control and high serum ALP are the risk factors leading to T2DM complicated with OP. However, vitamin K1, which increased the BMD of T2DM patients and boosted insulin resistance, could be combined with alfacalcidol and calcium supplement owing to the lack of abnormal blood clotting mechanism after long-term administration.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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