Background: Most enteric bacteria are harmless but species which belong to Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia and certain strains of Escherichia coli are pathogens. The emergences of increased antimicrobial resistances are global challenges, particularly in developing countries due to misuse of antimicrobial agents. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from food handlers in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 16/2012 to November 23/2012 among 218 food handlers. Structured questionnaire was used to assess associated factors for enteric bacterial infection. Stool samples were collected andantimicrobial sensitivity tests were done using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method following standard procedures. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS version 16.P-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens was found to be 6.9% (15/218). All S. typhi isolates showed resistance to two antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and streptomycin. However, they all showed sensitivity to most antimicrobials. Half of Shigella isolates showed resistance to two antimicrobials; chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole where as the other half showed resistant toother four antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline. One-third of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strains of the isolates were found to be resistant to two antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline. Enteric bacterial infection had a significant association with poor training in food handling and preparation (p=0.034), not knowledgeable about food borne infection (p<0.001) and inconsistent hand washing (p=0.033). Conclusion: Most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline while all were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. Health education along with continuous food safety training should be given to food handlers so that they can adhere with effective hygienic practices.
| Published in | American Journal of Health Research (Volume 3, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24 |
| Page(s) | 399-406 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Antimicrobial, Enteric Bacterial Pathogens, Food Handler, Sensitivity
| [1] | Tortora GJ, Funke BR, Case CL Microbiology an introduction. 2009; 9thedn, Kidersly, India. |
| [2] | Barrabeig I1 RA, Buesa J, Bartolomé R, Pintó R, Prellezo H, Domínguez A. BMC Infect Dis 2010 Sep 15; doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-269;10(269):1471-2334-10-269 |
| [3] | DemissieT Andualem, Yehuala F Moges, Fetene D Muluye, Gudeta G Ayalew. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella and Salmonella Species among patients with diarrhea attending Gondar town health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health. 2014; 2(5):469-75. |
| [4] | Aklilu A, Kahse D, Dessalegn M, Tarekegn N, Gebremichael S, Zenebe S, Desta K, Mamuye Y and Mama M. Prevalence of intestinal parasites, salmonella and shigella among apparently health food handlers of Addis Ababa University student’s cafeteria, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Research Notes 2015;8(17). |
| [5] | Dagnew M, Moges F, and Gizachew M. Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern among Food Handlers at Gondar University Cafeteria, Northwest Ethiopia. J Infect Dis Ther,. 2013;1(2):1-6. |
| [6] | Jeo O. Food Safety And Quality Management In Kenya: An Overview Of The Roles Played By Various Stakeholders. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 10(11):4379-97. |
| [7] | Khurana S, Thapar R,Sharma M and, Malla N. Intestinal bacterial and parasitic infections among food handlers in a tertiary care hospital of North India. Tropical Gastroenterology 2008;29(4): 207-9. |
| [8] | Abera B, Biadegelgen F, Bezabih B Prevalence of Salmonella typhi and intestinal parasites among food handlers in Bahir Dar Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev 2010; 24(1):46-50. |
| [9] | Oladipo I.Incidence of antibiotic resistance in some bacterial pathogens from Street Vended food in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Pak J Nutr. 2010; 9 (11):1061-8. |
| [10] | Stella I. Smith, Chimere O. Agomo, Moses Bamidele, Bolanle O. Opere, Olusimbo O. Aboaba. Survey of food handlers in bukas (a type of local restaurant) in Lagos, Nigeria about typhoid fever. / HEALTH. 2010;2(8): 951-6. |
| [11] | Stella I. Smith.Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella isolated from food handlers and cattle in Lagos, Nigeria. International Journal of Health Research. 2009; 2(2):189-93. |
| [12] | Vandepitte J VJ. Basic laboratory Procedures in Clinical Bacteriology. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2003. |
| [13] | National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards Methods for determining bactericidal activity of antimicrobial agents. Tentative Guidelines; 2011, M100-TNCCLS. Villanova. |
| [14] | Senthilkumar B, Prabakaran G. Multidrug resistant Salmonella typhi in asymptomatic typhoid carriers among food handlers in Namakkal district Tamil Nadu,. Indian journal of Medical Microbiology. 2005;23 (2):92-4. |
| [15] | Ahmed S.Bacteriological and Parasitological Assessment of Food Handlers in the Omdurman Area of Sudan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2010; 43 (1):70-3. |
| [16] | Andargie G. Kassu A, Moges F, Tiruneh M, Huruy K. Prevalence of Bacteria and Intestinal Parasites among Food handlers in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev 2008; 26(4):451-5. |
| [17] | Bassyouni H. Hefzy H.,Wegdan A. Perception of Food Safety and Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species Carriers among Fayoum University Food handlers. Life Science Journal 2012; 9(4):1-7. |
| [18] | Oundo J., Boga H., Muli F., and Iijima Y. High incidence of enteroaggregative escherichia coli among food handlers in three areas of Kenya: a possible transmission route of travelers’ diarrhea. Journal of Travel Medicine. 2008;15(1):31-8. |
| [19] | Fadlalla I., Abdel A., and Ibrahim M. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella serotypes isolated from human and animals in Sudan. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology. 2012;4(1):19-23. |
| [20] | Yang H. CG, Zhu Y., Liu Y., Cheng J., Hu L. Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns among Shigella Species Isolated in China during the 7-Year Period of 2005-2011. Ann Lab Med. 2013;33:111-5. |
| [21] | Yismaw G., Kassu A. A five-year antimicrobial resistance pattern observed in Shigella species isolated from stool samples in Gondar University Hospital, northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2006;20(3):194-8. |
| [22] | Kalantar E., Naseri M.H., and Torabi V.Antibiotic resistance patterns of STEC and ETEC strains: A study on frozen foods of animal origin and children with acute diarrhea. J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013;3(1):31-5. |
| [23] | Olufemi I. O. The incidence and antibiotics susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from beef in Ibadan Municipal, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2010;9(8):1196-9. |
| [24] | Nigusse D., Kumie A. Food hygiene practices and prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers working in Mekelle university students’ cafeteria, Mekelle. Global Advanced Research Journal of Social Science. 2012;1(4):65-71. |
| [25] | Zeru K, Kumie A. Sanitary conditions of food establishments in Mekelle town, North Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2007;21(1):3-11. |
APA Style
Teshale Worku, Ayalew Jejaw, Subbaram Kannan, Beyene Wondafrash. (2016). Isolation and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns of Enteric Bacterial Pathogens from Asymptomatic Food Handlers, Jimma, Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 3(6), 399-406. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24
ACS Style
Teshale Worku; Ayalew Jejaw; Subbaram Kannan; Beyene Wondafrash. Isolation and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns of Enteric Bacterial Pathogens from Asymptomatic Food Handlers, Jimma, Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2016, 3(6), 399-406. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24
AMA Style
Teshale Worku, Ayalew Jejaw, Subbaram Kannan, Beyene Wondafrash. Isolation and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns of Enteric Bacterial Pathogens from Asymptomatic Food Handlers, Jimma, Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2016;3(6):399-406. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24,
author = {Teshale Worku and Ayalew Jejaw and Subbaram Kannan and Beyene Wondafrash},
title = {Isolation and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns of Enteric Bacterial Pathogens from Asymptomatic Food Handlers, Jimma, Ethiopia},
journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
volume = {3},
number = {6},
pages = {399-406},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20150306.24},
abstract = {Background: Most enteric bacteria are harmless but species which belong to Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia and certain strains of Escherichia coli are pathogens. The emergences of increased antimicrobial resistances are global challenges, particularly in developing countries due to misuse of antimicrobial agents. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from food handlers in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 16/2012 to November 23/2012 among 218 food handlers. Structured questionnaire was used to assess associated factors for enteric bacterial infection. Stool samples were collected andantimicrobial sensitivity tests were done using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method following standard procedures. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS version 16.P-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens was found to be 6.9% (15/218). All S. typhi isolates showed resistance to two antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and streptomycin. However, they all showed sensitivity to most antimicrobials. Half of Shigella isolates showed resistance to two antimicrobials; chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole where as the other half showed resistant toother four antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline. One-third of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strains of the isolates were found to be resistant to two antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline. Enteric bacterial infection had a significant association with poor training in food handling and preparation (p=0.034), not knowledgeable about food borne infection (p<0.001) and inconsistent hand washing (p=0.033). Conclusion: Most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline while all were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. Health education along with continuous food safety training should be given to food handlers so that they can adhere with effective hygienic practices.},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns of Enteric Bacterial Pathogens from Asymptomatic Food Handlers, Jimma, Ethiopia AU - Teshale Worku AU - Ayalew Jejaw AU - Subbaram Kannan AU - Beyene Wondafrash Y1 - 2016/01/04 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24 DO - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24 T2 - American Journal of Health Research JF - American Journal of Health Research JO - American Journal of Health Research SP - 399 EP - 406 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8796 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150306.24 AB - Background: Most enteric bacteria are harmless but species which belong to Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia and certain strains of Escherichia coli are pathogens. The emergences of increased antimicrobial resistances are global challenges, particularly in developing countries due to misuse of antimicrobial agents. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from food handlers in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 16/2012 to November 23/2012 among 218 food handlers. Structured questionnaire was used to assess associated factors for enteric bacterial infection. Stool samples were collected andantimicrobial sensitivity tests were done using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method following standard procedures. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS version 16.P-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens was found to be 6.9% (15/218). All S. typhi isolates showed resistance to two antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and streptomycin. However, they all showed sensitivity to most antimicrobials. Half of Shigella isolates showed resistance to two antimicrobials; chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole where as the other half showed resistant toother four antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline. One-third of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strains of the isolates were found to be resistant to two antimicrobials; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline. Enteric bacterial infection had a significant association with poor training in food handling and preparation (p=0.034), not knowledgeable about food borne infection (p<0.001) and inconsistent hand washing (p=0.033). Conclusion: Most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline while all were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. Health education along with continuous food safety training should be given to food handlers so that they can adhere with effective hygienic practices. VL - 3 IS - 6 ER -
Email: